Political Science

This paper reviews historical issues that led to development of United States of America and the author has chosen to address Cuban Missile Crisis. The issue of missile crisis in Cuba is one of the major historic aspects that led to shaping of U.S development. It is a very contentious issue and it is still fresh in the minds of many Americans who were caught unawares. The Cuban missile crisis was a confrontation between the U.S, Soviet Union and Cuba that happened in late 1962. This was one of the major cold wars that has ever happened in the history of America. The crisis happened in the month of October thus it was named October Crisis. The cold war started when United States military discovered that Cuba and Soviet governments had placed nuclear missiles in Cuba (Weldes, 1999). The government of United States in collaboration with its military decided to do any thing to do away with the missiles. When Cuba and Soviet governments learned about the intention of the United States, it reacted violently. It was a cold war that almost turned to nuclear war. The two sides attacked each other through enlisting of nuclear missiles. On October 27th 1962, it was a day to be remembered by many citizens in Cuba because tension was created in the whole state and many specialists refer this day as Black Saturday.

This is one of the darkest moment in the economy and lives of many security officials and the Federal government. The president had to intervene on this contentious matter as a way of protecting the sovereignty of a supper power nation. When the United States Navy noticed about the existence of missile bases in Cuba, it informed the concerned authorities who had to act immediately. The president at this particular time signed an agreement with the Soviet governments. The agreement aimed at doing away with the establishment of missile bases in Cuba and it was in exchange for non-invasion agreement. To show how serious the matter was, several parties were involved in signing the agreement. The Ambassador to Soviet government and United States Attorney General agreed that any other form of nuclear missile in the surrounding nations should be done away with. The matter was politicized by the ambassador and the attorney General (Raymond, 1989). The ambassador had said that the nuclear missiles in Cuba were developed by Russians as a defense mechanism and could not reach to the U.S. This was a total lie because the Cubans could use the same missiles to attack surrounding states and cause a lot of harm. During the meeting of U.S attorney general and the ambassador, certain issues such as the actions to be taken on Russia because of building missile bases in Cuba were internalized. It was resolved that no action should be taken on Russia until the Americans could complete doing presidential elections. The union that was established during this meeting known as Soviet Union was deemed misleading and people had no confidence with it.

The relationship between America and Russia was not good because any person or state who suggested the attack of United States was regarded as terrorism. The enemity between these two nations had began since the Second World War. It exceeded during the time of Cuban Missile crisis when the American government came to learn that Russia were the supporters of Cuba through building of missile bases. It was a very bad relationship which led to failure of American Monroe doctrine. The doctrine was very basic in protecting the powers of U.S. It held that the powers of European nations should not get engaged in American maters. The American government was very keen on this issue and never wanted to loose their power of fighting terrorism. Cuban missile crisis is an area that has given the government of United States a lot of troubles. Although it took some few weeks, it was an issue that was considered as a way of attacking the military and other agencies (Weldes, 1999). The government on its part had failed due to backfiring of some legal enactments. The invasion agreement gave the Soviet government to do something which they could not do normally. This way made it easy for them to unleash nuclear missiles to the United States.

The Cuban kept on complaining about military harassment in Guantanamo naval base by United States government. They saw it as a way of demoting the democratic right of the Cuban government. Other neighboring nations were not happy about the measures the government of U.S opted to do. It was taken as controversial that the Americans used to manufacture missiles and yet they did not want other countries to use nuclear missiles. The president of Cuba saw this as form of intimidation and ordered the military to put missiles on strategic secret place that could not be seen. Other communist nations supported this idea because they feared that American could attack Cuba which was considered as a big loss (Raymond, 1989). Fidel Castro said that he wanted to confront America with something rather than mare words and this was the use of missile. The attack of U.S by Cuba during the cold war was considered as one of the major achievement. Most of communist countries saw it as protection of the sovereign communist state.

The U.S president had a feeling of massive attack and had to take immediate measure to counter these attacks. The president directed security details to prepare comprehensively for any attack. He convened a meeting with all agencies concerned with security in the United States to put down measures that will contain this matter. The meeting went on well and security details were sent to the border and others were send to invade Cuban missile base. The troops were sent in consignment inform of ballistic missiles which would attack the Cuban missile bases. Meanwhile the soviets were building a number of sites within a given range of distance from each other. The citizens had got some information about the planned invasion and started to get ready for any attack. The authority concerned with security considered them as fit for any defense. They did not want the U.S government to notice about the presence of any form of arsenal so as to attack them when they are not aware.

The president of the U.S got information about the powerful missiles that Cuba had planed to use to attack the powerful nation. He immediately convened a meeting of national Security Council and resolved that his military would do an air attack on the Cuban missiles. The Security Council should have applied diplomatic methods to make Soviet government remove missiles from Cuba, blockade of Cuban naval from entering any territory of United states and full invasion of the military (Weldes, 1999). Cuban Military on their part were getting ready from any attack but they were instructed not to attack unless they were first attacked. Cuban president had tightened his principles about the attack and ordered the military to use any anti-aircraft weapons to fire any United States aircraft that could appear in the territory of Cuba.

The war was getting more complicated and some Cuban bases were attacked and the president wanted United States to take away its missiles from Turkey. It was very hard to follow this direction because Turkey said that it would get upset when Jupiter missiles were removed. The two leaders engaged in talks and later Turkey agreed to take away the missiles from their land. Before they could come to an agreement, it was announced that a pilot was shot dead in Cuba. This almost led to collapse of talks between USSR and United States. After thorough investigation, it was found that the attack was the plan of an individual soviet commander who had his own private intentions (Raymond, 1989).

Time was running out and the two parties had to come into an agreement. The president of U.S gave up to pressure from Cuban authorities and agreed to take away missiles in Turkey and those in southern Italy. The Soviet government was also told to remove its missiles from Cuba. The soviet government agreed on these terms and dismantled all the missile bases build in Cuba this was the begging of a peace treaty between the two nations. U.S president declared his stand about the respect of Cuban territory and its authority.