Political Science

The notion of racial equality in the United States invokes the nations sad and emotional outlook that characterized its historical roots.  Following these oversights, the government remains the central most icon in creating equality of opportunity and equality of outcome for its people.  A government is constituted of persons endowed with power and authority that cuts across all social cultural and economic considerations which establish it as a pillar towards which all societal issues should be resolved. A major question as Martin Luther King Junior protests is why the roles were not perfected.  This paper analyzes the role governments should play in ensuring equity of justice and equity of outcome.

Ensuring equity of opportunity

Acting as a true custodian of the public resources
Ensuring equity of opportunity is a consideration that seeks to create an inherent outlook to the community where a countrys resources are available to all.  In his speech at Washington, Luther (1963b) indicates that though the government committed to uphold Emancipation Proclamation, many people were still bound in slavery.  Under this consideration therefore, a government is tasked to enter into agreements with its people on the need to address racial injustices.  However, as Luther (1963a) further points out, it is critical that intrinsic commitment is gathered by the government in addressing the problem.  Referring to the constitution as a promissory note to create the emphasis, the government is depicted to have failed in honoring the same rules that had set it in power.  At this point, the government should create a neutral system where all the concerns for all are addressed.  Notably, by establishing a level playing ground for all it would create a center for a reciprocating response towards social economic growth and development.

Facilitating justice delivery
As Luther (1963b) view it, it would perhaps be impossible to ensure equity of opportunity without guaranteeing people the needed justice for their operations.  It was indeed the unjust laws that had culminated to poor sharing of resources through providing the whites with an upper hand in resources allocation.  As a result Luther (1963b) calls for people to ensure that they disobey the unjust laws as they are required to obey the just laws.  At all levels of the society, the government should further facilitate clear implementation of laws and that facilitate justice realization for all.

Facilitating equal representation at different levels
The letter from Birmingham and Washington speech of 1963 revealed one major factor that should be effected to ensure equality of opportunity.  The government should facilitate effective representation as a consideration of good faith and communication with it subjects.   Through lack of effective representation, a major disconnect which facilitated easier abuse of laws and justice was created.  Luther indicated to the clergy that indeed they required understanding that the white moderates and the blacks would never be granted freedom until they quested for it (1963).

Ensuring equality of outcome
Notably, scholars have over the years sought the best mechanisms that can be employed to facilitate equality of outcome in the society.   However unlike the equality of opportunity, the equality of outcome can only be guaranteed through a bimodal outlook where the government operates with the community and other stakeholders.

Establishing effective laws and justice institutions
As Cosby indicates, most of the social injustices committed by people in the middle and lower social classes represented problems in their own making (2006).  Failing to address major societal shenanigans with vitality at the community levels only act as a key indicator of major disasters in waiting.  Cosby (2006) adds that early pregnancies, school dropout rates and rapes required to be addressed at the societal level to make it more realistic.  However, the government should come in and enact laws that would seek to criminalize rapes and crime being exemplified in the middle and lower level classers.  This would instill the sense of responsibility to both the community and the government institutions.  

From his Birmingham letter, Luther (1963) highlighted the brutal experiences that black people encountered through racial discrimination.  He further pointed out the brutality at the community level by the whites and therefore bitterly likened the suffering of the people to those that Jews suffered during Hitlers regime.  Laws in this case would facilitate equality of outcome by subjecting not only the whites to it, but the black criminals too (Sowell).

Creating effective societal systems
While creating the justice system to address issues of opportunity justice would largely facilitate the resources availability to the people, it would be critical to establish strong facilities that seek to reconcile and correct the affected people.  Therefore, the government should ensure that the correction systems are effective to enhance the incarcerated peoples effective comeback to the society as changed persons who can easily fit with others.   Luther (1963a) indicated that he looked forward to the time when white and black children would hold hands and play together.  Besides, Cosby (2006) agreed that the society could only be effectively reformed by addressing injustices that were committed at the local level.

Finally, it would be critical that the government fosters major social institutions such as schools and public utilities for all.  By ensuring that people had access to education and other social amenities, their reaction to societal problems and outlook towards social crime would greatly changes (Sowell)

Conclusion
It is from this analysis that this paper concludes by supporting the thesis statement, government remains the central most icon in creating equality of opportunity and equality of outcome for its people.  The pathetic historical situations in the United States as it came out in the discussion were mainly due to the governments poor execution of its role to facilitate equality of opportunity and outcome.  However, the people must operate hand in hand with the government to affect the roles.